数据中心市场背后的电力公用事业

谁在各个数据中心市场实际出售电力、按什么电价，哪些公用事业规则又如何影响选址 —— 从Dominion的GS-5大负荷类别至TNB的RP4。我们基准中的每个数据都可追溯到监管机构或公用事业备案。

公用事业	市场	$/kWh	数据中心关键说明
Dominion Energy	Virginia, USA	0.109	Serves the world's largest data center cluster (Northern Virginia). New GS-5 rate class for 25MW+ loads bills 85% of contracted transmission/distribution demand and 60% of contracted generation demand — effective January 2027.
ERCOT (deregulated market)	Texas, USA	0.087	Deregulated wholesale market; large industrial contracts near 6.6–7c/kWh with real-time price exposure. December 2026 PUCT audit covers 250–300 large loads in the first interconnection batch.
SP Group	Singapore	0.270	Regulated tariff jumped 17% QoQ in Q3 2026 to 31.91 S¢/kWh before GST, driven by imported LNG costs — the priciest power among major APAC DC hubs.
Tenaga Nasional (TNB)	Malaysia	0.135	RP4 base tariff (2025–2027): C1/C2 commercial 36.50 sen/kWh, E1 industrial 33.70 sen/kWh + monthly AFA surcharge. Johor's DC boom rides on TNB's grid build-out.
MEA / PEA	Thailand	0.128	Large business tariff ~4.15–4.2 THB/kWh incl. Ft surcharge; regulator trimmed the Ft component through 2025–2026.
EVN	Vietnam	0.080	Among the lowest business tariffs in APAC, but repeated increases since 2023 to cover generation costs.
PLN	Indonesia	0.063	I-3/I-4 large-industrial tariffs held flat for Q3 2026 by government decision (Rp1,114.74/kWh for I-3).
TEPCO	Tokyo, Japan	0.185	Fuel-cost adjustment keeps business rates elevated post-2022; regional utilities vary.
KEPCO	South Korea	0.118	Industrial tariff raised sharply 2023–2024 to cut KEPCO losses; still below cost-recovery for large users.
DEWA / EWEC	Dubai / Abu Dhabi, UAE	0.110	Commercial tariffs ~38–44 fils/kWh incl. fuel surcharge; stable subsidized pricing underpins the Gulf DC build-out.
ESB Networks (Ireland grid)	Ireland	0.210	EU's most expensive market (€0.191/kWh for the largest non-household band, Eurostat H2-2025); Dublin connection moratorium constrains new capacity more than price.
Taipower	Taiwan	0.213	Separate industrial tariff frozen at NT$4.27/kWh; grid strain shapes where new capacity lands.
Eskom	South Africa	0.144	Commercial tariffs roughly R1.85–R3.12/kWh; load-shedding history makes on-site generation and BESS standard in DC design.
Ukrenergo (transmission)	Ukraine	0.185	NEURC approved a ~25% transmission-tariff hike from August 2026 (UAH 742.91 → 928.45/MWh) on top of ~20% VAT wholesale.
Nordic grid (Statnett area)	Norway	0.126	Hydro-dominated grid keeps industry price bands among Europe's lowest — the draw behind Nordic AI-capacity campuses.

Utilities named in our electricity benchmarks — tariff figures and notes come from power-index.json (market field links the two). Only utilities our benchmark data actually references; no coverage claims beyond that.

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